On cotriangular Hopf algebras

DOI10.1353/AJM.2001.0025MaRDI QIDQ2747078zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 8 August 2002

Published in American Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0002128, http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/american_journal_of_mathematics/toc/ajm123.4.html

zbMATH Keywords

antipodes central group-like elements comultiplications cotriangular semisimple Hopf algebras group algebras semisimple triangular Hopf algebras Tannakian categories twisted function algebras

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: In 1997 we proved that any triangular semisimple Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0 is obtained from the group algebra k[G] of a finite group G, by twisting its comultiplication by a twist in the sense of Drinfeld. In this paper, we generalize this result to not necessarily finite-dimensional cotriangular Hopf algebras. Namely, our main result says that a cotriangular Hopf algebra A over k is obtained from a function algebra of a pro-algebraic group by twisting by a Hopf 2-cocycle, and possibly changing its R-form by a central grouplike element of A^* of order <=2, IF AND ONLY IF the trace of squared antipode on any finite-dimensional subcoalgebra of A is the dimension of this subcoalgebra. This generalization, like the original theorem, is proved using Deligne's theorem on Tannakian categories. In the second half of the paper, we give examples of twisted function algebras. In particular, we show that in the infinite- dimensional case, the squared antipode may not equal the identity. On the other hand, we show that in all of our examples of twisted function algebras, the squared antipode is unipotent, and conjecture it to be the case for any twisted function algebra. We prove this conjecture in a large number of special cases, using the quantization theory of the first author and D.Kazhdan.

Review text

In an earlier paper [Math. Res. Lett. 5, No. 1-2, 191-197 (1998; Zbl 0907.16016)] the authors proved that any semisimple triangular Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of characteristic zero can be obtained from a finite group \(G\) by twisting the comultiplication of the group algebra \(k[G]\). Since semisimple Hopf algebras are finite-dimensional and cosemisimple, duality gives that any cotriangular semisimple Hopf algebra over \(k\) is obtained from \(k[G]^*\) by twisting its multiplication.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe paper under review extends this result on finite-dimensional cotriangular Hopf algebras to the infinite-dimensional case. The precise result is: let \((A,R)\) be a cotriangular Hopf algebra, \(R\) in \((A\otimes A)^*\). Then \(A\) is obtained from the function algebra of a proalgebraic group \(G\) by twisting its multiplication (possibly changing its \(R\)-form by a central group-like element of \(A^*\) of order \(\leq 2\)) if and only if the trace of \(S^2\) (\(S\) is the antipode of \(A\)) restricted to any finite-dimensional subcoalgebra \(C\) of \(A\) equals the dimension of \(C\). As with the earlier paper [op. cit.], the key step is the use of a theorem of Deligne on Tannakian categories. Examples are given of such twisted function algebras. In one of these infinite-dimensional examples (\(G\) is the group of affine transformations of the line), \(S^2\) is not the identity map. However, the authors conjecture that in the setting of the theorem, \(S^2\) must always be unipotent. They prove this in some special cases.

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