On groups of rectangle exchange transformations
The paper studies the group \(\mathrm{Rec}_d\) of rectangle exchange transformations in dimension \(d\ge 1\), defined as piecewise translations of the half-open cube \([0,1[^d\) with respect to finite partitions into rectangles. This provides a higher-dimensional analogue of the classical group \(\mathrm{IET}=\mathrm{Rec}_1\).\N\NThe main structural result is Theorem~1.2, which shows that \(\mathrm{Rec}_d\) is generated by restricted shuffles, a natural generalization of restricted rotations in dimension one. Using this generating set, Theorem~1.3 proves that the derived subgroup \(D(\mathrm{Rec}_d)\) is simple and generated by rectangle transpositions and is contained in every nontrivial normal subgroup of \(\mathrm{Rec}_d\).\N\NThe abelianization of \(\mathrm{Rec}_d\) is described in Theorem~1.4 via a generalized SAF homomorphism with values in \((\mathbb{R}^{\otimes(d-1)}\otimes \bigwedge^2_{\mathbb{Q}}\mathbb{R})^d\), whose kernel is exactly \(D(\mathrm{Rec}_d)\). Several consequences are derived, including Corollary~1.5 on proper normal subgroups and Corollary~1.6 on the simplicity of the group of rectangle exchanges with flips.\N\NFurther results concern generation and rigidity properties of \(\mathrm{Rec}_d(M)\) for multirectangles \(M\), as well as the construction in Theorem~1.7 of an explicit infinite finitely generated torsion subgroup of \(\mathrm{Rec}_3\). The paper concludes with a series of open problems on isomorphism rigidity, presentations and amenability.
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