On primitive elements of finite fields avoiding affine hyperplanes

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Abstract: Let nge2 be an integer and let mathbbFq be the finite field with q elements, where q is a prime power. Given mathbbFq-affine hyperplanes mathcalA1,ldots,mathcalAn of mathbbFqn in general position, we study the existence and distribution of primitive elements of mathbbFqn, avoiding each mathcalAi. We obtain both asymptotic and concrete results, relating to past works on digits over finite fields.


The authors prove the following result on the existence of primitive elements in finite fields \(\mathbb{F}_{q^n}\) of order \(q^n\), \(n\ge 2\): Let \(\mathcal{A}_1,\mathcal{A}_2,\ldots,\mathcal{A}_n\) be \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-affine hyperplanes of \(\mathbb{F}_{q^n}\) in general position. Then \(\mathbb{F}_{q^n}\setminus \bigcup_{i=1}^n \mathcal{A}_i\) contains a primitive element of \(\mathbb{F}_{q^n}\) provided that one of the following conditions holds: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] \(q\ge 16\); \item[2.] \(q=13\) and \(n\not= 4\); \item[3.] \(q=11\) and \(n\not\in \{4,6,12\}\); \item[4.] \(q \in \{7,8,9\}\) and \(n\) is large enough. \end{itemize}











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