On rational approximations of functions of complex variable integrable over plane domains
Let E be a Lebesgue measurable bounded subset of the complex plane with positive area measure and \(L^ p(E)\) the Banach space of complex valued functions which are p area integrable on E with the usual norm \(\| f\|_ p\). Let \(L^ pR_ n(f,E)=\inf \| f-r\|_ p\) where the inf is taken over all rational functions of a complex variable z of degree \(\leq n\). For \(1\leq p<2\) the rational functions are dense in \(L^ p(E)\). The authors prove a theorem of Jackson type in terms of the integral modulus of continuity \[ \omega_ p(\delta,f)=\sup_{| h| <\delta}\{\iint_{C}| f(z+h)-f(z)| d\sigma \}^{1/p}, \] where f(z) is defined to be 0 for z not on E. In particular they show that for \(n\geq 4\), \(L^ pR_ n(f,E)\leq 12\omega_ p(\frac{8+\ln n}{\sqrt{n}},f)\) if \(p=1\) and \[ L^ pR_ n(f,E)\leq \frac{24}{(p-1)(2-p)}\omega_ p(n^{-(2-p)/2p},f)\quad if\quad 1<p<2. \] They also construct an example f on a set E for which \(L^ 1R_ n(f,E)\geq \frac{1}{32\sqrt{n}}\).
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