On rational pairings of functors

Abstract: In the theory of coalgebras

C

over a ring

R

, the rational functor relates the category of modules over the algebra

C^{*}

(with convolution product) with the category of comodules over

C

. It is based on the pairing of the algebra

C^{*}

with the coalgebra

C

provided by the evaluation map

e v : C^{*} o t_{R} C o R

. We generalise this situation by defining a {em pairing} between endofunctors

T

and

G

on any category

A

as a map, natural in

a, b i n A

,

�eta_{a,b}:A(a, G(b)) o A(T(a),b),

and we call it {em rational} if these all are injective. In case

is a monad and

is a comonad on

A

, additional compatibility conditions are imposed on a pairing between

and

. If such a pairing is given and is rational, and

has a right adjoint monad

, we construct a {em rational functor} as the functor-part of an idempotent comonad on the

-modules

A_{T}

which generalises the crucial properties of the rational functor for coalgebras. As a special case we consider pairings on monoidal categories.

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