On regularly varying solutions of second order linear differential equations

Linear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A30) Growth and boundedness of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C11) Asymptotic properties of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D05)

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A measurable function \(L\) which is eventually positive is said to be slowly varying at infinity if \(\lim_{x\to\infty}{L(tx)\over L(x)}=1\) for all \(t>0\), and the function \(x^ \alpha L(x)\) is said to be regularly varying of index \(\alpha\). The authors establish asymptotic formulae as \(x\to\infty\) for positive decreasing regularly varying solutions of \(y=f(x)y\). It is known [\textit{V. Marić} and \textit{M. Tomić}, Publ. Inst. Math., Nouv. Ser. 48(62), 199-207 (1990; Zbl 0722.34007)] that all positive decreasing solutions are regularly varying of index \(-\alpha(\alpha\geq 0)\) if and only if there exists \(c\geq 0\) such that \(\varphi(x)=x\int^ \infty_ xf(t)dt-c\to 0\) where \(\alpha\) is the nonnegative root of \(\alpha(\alpha+1)=c\). The result for regularly varying solutions requires the hypothesis \(\int^ \infty_ 1([\varphi(t)]^ 2/t)dt<\infty\). Sharper estimates are obtained under stronger hypotheses on \(\varphi\).

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