On self-adjointness of symmetric diffusion operators

Abstract: Let

O m e g a

be a domain in

R i^{d}

with boundary

G a m m a

and let

d_{G} a m m a

denote the Euclidean distance to

G a m m a

. Further let

H = - d i v v (C a b l a)

where

C = (, c_{k l},) > 0

with

c_{k l} = c_{l k}

are real, bounded, Lipschitz continuous functions and

D (H) = C_{c}^{i} n f t y (O m e g a)

. Assume also that there is a

d e l t a g e q 0

such that

| C / d_{G} a m m a^{, d e l t a} - a I | o 0

as

d_{G} a m m a o 0

with

d e l t a g e q 0

where

a

is a bounded Lipschitz continuous function with

a g e q m u > 0

on a boundary layer

G a m m a_{!! r} = x i n O m e g a : d_{G} a m m a (x) < r

. Finally we require

| (d i v v C) . (a b l a d_{G} a m m a) | d_{G} a m m a^{, - d e l t a + 1}

to be bounded on~

G a m m a_{!! r}

. Then we prove that if

O m e g a

is a

C^{2}

-domain, or if

where

S

is a countable set of positively separated points, or if

with

P i

a convex set whose boundary has Hausdorff dimension

d_{H} i n 1, l d o t s, d - 1

then the condition

d e l t a > 2 - (d - d_{H}) / 2

is sufficient for

H

to be essentially self-adjoint as an operator on

L_{2} (O m e g a)

. In particular

d e l t a > 3 / 2

suffices for

C^{2}

-domains. Finally we prove that

d e l t a g e q 3 / 2

is necessary in the

C^{2}

-case.

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