On sequences with prescribed metric discrepancy behavior

DOI10.1007/S00605-015-0860-2MaRDI QIDQ331057zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Christoph Aistleitner, Gerhard Larcher

Publication date 26 October 2016

Published in Monatshefte für Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.06472

zbMATH Keywords

discrepancy theorymetric number theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Metric theory (11J83) Irregularities of distribution, discrepancy (11K38)

Abstract: An important result of H. Weyl states that for every sequence $left(a_{n}ight{)}_{ngeq1}$ of distinct positive integers the sequence of fractional parts of $left(a_{n}alphaight{)}_{ngeq1}$ is uniformly distributed modulo one for almost all $alpha$. However, in general it is a very hard problem to calculate the precise order of convergence of the discrepancy $D_N$ of $left(left{a}_{n}alphaightight{)}_{ngeq1}$ for almost all $alpha$. By a result of R. C. Baker this discrepancy always satisfies $N{D}_N=mathcalOleft(N^{frac12+varepsilon}ight)$ for almost all $alpha$ and all $varepsilon>0$. In the present note for arbitrary $gammainleft(0,frac12ight]$ we construct a sequence $left(a_{n}ight{)}_{ngeq1}$ such that for almost all $alpha$ we have $N{D}_N=mathcalOleft(N^{gamma}ight)$ and $N{D}_N=Omegaleft(N^{gamma-varepsilon}ight)$ for all $varepsilon>0$, thereby proving that any prescribed metric discrepancy behavior within the admissible range can actually be realized.

Review text

By a result of \textit{R. C. Baker} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 24, 34--40 (1981; Zbl 0422.10048)], the discrepancy \(D_{N}=D_{N}(a_{n}\alpha)\) of the sequence \((a_{n}\alpha)_{n\geq1}\) for a given sequence of distinct positive integers \((a_{n})\) and almost all \(\alpha\) satisfies the bound \[ N D_{N}=\mathcal{O}(N^{\frac{1}{2}}(\log N)^{\frac{3}{2}+\varepsilon}), \] for all \(\varepsilon>0\). The authors of the present paper show that in the range \((0,\frac{1}{2}]\) any convergence rate for the metric behaviour of the discrepancy can be attained. More precisely, they prove the following result. Let \(0<\gamma\leq\frac{1}{2}\). Then there exists a strictly increasing sequence \((a_{n})_{n\geq 1}\) of positive integers such that for the discrepancy of the sequence \((\{a_{n}\alpha\})_{n\geq 1}\) for almost all \(\alpha\) we have \[ N D_{N}=\mathcal{O}(N^{\gamma}) \] and \[ N D_{N}=\Omega(N^{\gamma-\varepsilon}) \] for all \(\varepsilon>0\).

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Cited in

(13)

• On evil Kronecker sequences and lacunary trigonometric products
• Probabilistic Diophantine approximation and the distribution of Halton-Kronecker sequences
• Metric results on the discrepancy of sequences \((a_{n}{\alpha})_{n\geqslant 1}\) modulo one for integer sequences \((a_{n})_{n\geqslant 1}\) of polynomial growth
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