On successive coefficients of odd univalent functions

Within the class \(S\) of normalised univalent functions in the open unit disc \(D\) of the complex plane, the problem of investigating the relative growth of successive coefficients of odd univalent functions is an old and interesting one. In this context it is worth recalling the conjecture of Hayman that, for every \(\varepsilon> 0\), \[ ||b_n|- |b_{n-1}||\leq A(\varepsilon) n^{-1/2+\varepsilon}\qquad (n= 2,3,4,\dots) \] holds whenever \(f(z)= \sum^\infty_{k=0} b_k z^{2k+1}\) is an odd univalent function in \(D\). In this paper the author shows that \[ ||b_n|- |b_{n-1}||\leq An^{-1/2}\log n\qquad (n\geq 2), \] where \(A\) is an absolute constant, \(f\in S\) and \((f(z)/z)^{1/2}= \sum^\infty_{k=0} b_kz^k\). This already implies Hayman's conjecture since every odd univalent function \(g(z)\in \)S is of the form \[ g(z)= \sqrt{f(z^2)}= \sum^\infty_{k=0} b_k z^{2k+1} \] for some \(f\in S\). To prove his result the author first obtains the following very interesting estimate. Let \(f\in S\), \(r_1= (1- 1/n)^{1/2}\); \(r_2= (1- 1/2n)^{1/2}\) \((n\geq 2)\). If \(t\) is chosen such that \(|f(t)|= \max\{|f(z)|: |z| = r_2\}\) and if \(z= r_1 e^{i\theta}\) then for an absolute constant \(A\), \[ \int^{2\pi}_0 \Biggl|{f(z)\over z}\Biggl(1- {z\over t}\Biggr)\Biggr|\,d\theta\leq A\log n. \] The interesting proof uses the well-known Grunsky inequality and Milin's theorem.

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