On the combinatorial cuspidalization of hyperbolic curves
From the abstract: We continue our study of the \textit{pro-\(\Sigma\) fundamental groups of configuration spaces} associated to a hyperbolic curve, where \(\Sigma\) is either the set of all prime numbers or a set consisting of a single prime number, begun in an earlier paper [\textit{S. Mochizuki} and \textit{A. Tamagawa}, Hokkaido Math. J. 37, No. 1, 75--131 (2008; Zbl 1143.14306)]. Our main result may be regarded either as a \textit{combinatorial, partially bijective generalization of an injectivity theorem} due to \textit{M. Matsumoto} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 474, 169--219 (1996; Zbl 0858.12002)] or as a \textit{generalization to arbitrary hyperbolic curves of injectivity and bijectivity results for genus zero curves} due to \textit{H. Nakamura} [J. Math. Sci., Tokyo 1, No. 1, 71--136 (1994; Zbl 0901.14012)] and \textit{D. Harbater} and \textit{L. Schneps} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 352, No. 7, 3117--3148 (2000; Zbl 0956.14013)]. More precisely, we show that if one restricts one's attention to outer automorphisms of such a pro-\(\Sigma\) fundamental group of the configuration space associated to a(n) affine (respectively, proper) hyperbolic curve which are compatible with certain ``\textit{fiber subgroups} (i.e. groups that arise as kernels of the various natural projections of a configuration space to lower-dimensional configuration spaces) as well as with certain \textit{cuspidal inertia subgroups}, then, as one lowers the \textit{dimension} of the configuration space under consideration from \(n+1\) to \(n\geq 1\) (respectively, \(n\geq 2\)), there is a \textit{natural injection} between the resulting groups of such outer automorphisms, which is a \textit{bijection} if \(n\geq 4\). The key tool in the proof is a \textit{combinatorial version of the Grothendieck conjecture} proven in an earlier paper by the author [Tohoku Math. J. (2) 59, No. 3, 455--479 (2007; Zbl 1129.14043)], which we apply to construct certain \textit{canonical sections}.
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