On the image conjecture

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Abstract: The Image Conjecture was formulated by the third author, who showed that it implied his Vanishing Conjecture, which is equivalent to the famous Jacobian Conjecture. We prove various cases of the Image Conjecture and show how it leads to another fascinating and elusive assertion that we here dub the Factorial Conjecture. Various cases of the Factorial Conjecture are proved.


The Image Conjecture is as follows: Let \(k\) be a field and \(A\) be a \(k\) -algebra, and let \(B=A[z_{1},\ldots ,z_{n}].\) Then for \(a_{1},\ldots ,a_{n}\in A\) a regular sequence, the image of the \(A\)-linear map \( B^{n}\rightarrow B\) defined by \(\mathcal{D=(\partial }_{z_{1}}-a_{1},\ldots , \mathcal{\partial }_{z_{n}}-a_{n}\mathcal{)}\) is a Mathieu subspace in \(B\) (by definition a sub \(k\)-vector space \(\mathcal{M}\) of \(B\) is called a Mathieu subspace if for all \(f\in B,\) if \(f^{m}\in \mathcal{M}\) for all \( m\geq 1\) then for any \(g\in B\) we have \(f^{m}g\in \mathcal{M}\) for all \(m\gg 0).\) The Image Conjecture is important because it implies the Jacobian Conjecture [\textit{W. Zhao}, J. Algebra 324, No. 2, 231--247 (2010; Zbl 1197.14064)]. The authors prove various cases of the Image Conjecture (for instance for \(k\) of positive characteristic) and connect it to the following Factorial Conjecture: if \(f\in \mathbb{C}[z_{1},\ldots ,z_{n}]\) satisfies \( \mathcal{L}(f^{m})=0\) for all \(m\geq 1\) then \(f=0,\) where \(\mathcal{L}: \mathbb{C}[z_{1},\ldots ,z_{n}]\rightarrow \mathbb{C}\) is the \(\mathbb{C}\) -linear map defined on monomials by \(\mathcal{L}(z_{1}^{l_{1}}\cdots z_{n}^{l_{n}}):=l_{1}!\cdots l_{n}!\) They prove various cases of the Factorial Conjecture.




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