On the intersection of two plane curves

DOI10.4310/MRL.2000.V7.N5.A9MaRDI QIDQ5929466zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Xi Chen

Publication date 12 June 2001

Published in Mathematical Research Letters (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0003063

zbMATH Keywords

deformation of singularitiesdegenerationintersection of two plane curveslimit linear serieslinear system

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Divisors, linear systems, invertible sheaves (14C20) Plane and space curves (14H50) Special divisors on curves (gonality, Brill-Noether theory) (14H51) Complete intersections (14M10)

Abstract: We study the following question: fix a sufficient general curve D of degree d in P^2, what is the least number of intersections between D and an irreducible curve of degree m? G. Xu proved this number i(d, m) is at least d - 2 for all m. This problem can be regarded as the algebraic part of Kobayashi conjecture on the hyperbolicity of P^2 D. We first improved Xu's bound with m fixed and then generalized his result to rational ruled surfaces.

Review text

Let \(d\geq 3\), \(m\geq 1\) be integers, let \(|{\mathcal O}(d)|\) be the linear system of the curves of degree \(d\) in \(\mathbb{P}^2\) and let \(W_k: =\{(C,D): C\in|{\mathcal O}(m)|\) is irreducible, \(D\in|{\mathcal O}(d) |\) is smooth and \(\text{card} (C\cap D)=k\}\). Let \(p:W_k\to |{\mathcal O}(m) |\), \(q:W_k\to |{\mathcal O}(d) |\) be the canonical projection and let \(i(d,m): =\min\{k:q\) is dominant\}. -- Using a deformation-theoretical argument, \textit{G. Xu} [Am. J. Math. 118, No. 3, 611-620 (1996; Zbl 0872.14023)] proved that \(i(d,m) \geq d-2\). This result is related to a conjecture of S. Kobayashi and M. Zaidenberg concerning the hyperbolicity of the complement of a hypersurface in a projective space. Moreover, \(i(d,1)= d-2\) (take a bitangent line for \(d\geq 4)\) and \(i(d,m)= d-2\) for \(m\geq d\). In the paper under review, the author shows that, for \(d>m\), \[ i(d,m) \geq\min (dm-m(m+3)/2,2dm-2m^2-2) \] and conjectures that \(i(d,m)= dm-m(m+3)/2\). His proof is based on bounding the dimension of the tangent space to the fibre of \(p\) over an irreducible \(C\in|{\mathcal O}(m)|\) at a point \((C,D)\). In order to obtain this bound, he first resolves the singularities of \(C\) situated on \(C\cap D\) by successively blowing-up \(\mathbb{P}^2\) and then he works on the resulting surface. The author's second main result is an analogue of G. Xu's result on the rational ruled surfaces \(\mathbb{F}_n\). His proof is of a quite different nature: It is based upon degeneration and induction using the theory of limit linear series of \textit{D. Eisenbud} and \textit{J. Harris} [Invent. Math. 85, 337-371 (1986; Zbl 0598.14003)]. In particular, he obtains a new proof of G. Xu's result on \(\mathbb{P}^2\).

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Cited in

(5)

• Plane curves meeting at a point with high intersection multiplicity
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3929148 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 15304 (Why is no real title available?)
• Geometry of planar curves intersecting many lines at a few points
• A remark on the intersection of plane curves

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