On the lcm-sum function over arbitrary sets of integers

For a subset \(S\) of the set \(\mathbb N\) of the positive integers and a real \(\alpha\) the authors consider the function\N\[\NL_{S,\alpha}(n)=\sum_{\substack{j=1\\\N(j,n)\in S}}^n[j,n]^{\alpha}\N\]\Ndefined in terms of the greatest common divisor \((j,n)\) and least common multiple \([j,n]\). The arithmetic function \(L_{\alpha}(n)=L_{\mathbb{N},\alpha}(n)\) was first considered in [\textit{K. Alladi}, New concepts in arithmetic functions. Madras, India: The Institute of Mathematical Sciences (1975; Zbl 0361.10001)] and estimated in terms of the Riemann-zeta function. \par In the paper under review the authors consider the case when \(\alpha=\pm a\), \(a\in\mathbb N\). For \(x>e\) they show\N\[\N\sum_{n\leq x}L_{S,a}(n)=C_S(a)\cdot x^{2a+2}+O_a\left(x^{2a+1}\cdot \Delta(x)\right),\N\]\Nwhere the implied constant depends on \(a\) and\N\[\NC_S(\alpha)=\frac{\zeta_S(\alpha+2)}{2(\alpha+1)^{2}\zeta(2)}, \alpha\geq 1,\ \zeta_S(t)=\sum_{n\in S}\frac{1}{n^t}, t>1,\ \Delta(x)=(\log x)^{2/3}(\log\log x)^{4/3}.\N\]\NFor any real \(\alpha>1\) the authors establish that\N\[\N\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}L_{S,-\alpha}(n)=\frac{1}{2}\zeta_S(\alpha)\left(1+\frac{\zeta^2(\alpha)}{\zeta(2\alpha)} \right)\N\]\Nand estimate \(\displaystyle\sum_{n\leq x}L_{S,-a}(n)\) for \(a\in{\mathbb N}\), \(a\geq 2\), \(x\geq 1\). \par The main results of \textit{O. Bordellès} [J. Integer Seq. 10, No. 9, Article 07.9.2, 13 p. (2007; Zbl 1174.11303)] and \textit{S. Ikeda} and \textit{K. Matsuoka} [J. Integer Seq. 17, No. 1, Article 14.1.7, 11 p. (2014; Zbl 1317.11011)] can be also obtained as consequences of the results of the paper under review. \N\NIn conclusion, the authors consider several special subsets of \(\mathbb N\) and derive new asymptotic formulas.

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