On the maximal singular integral with Riesz potentials

The authors consider the operator \[ f\mapsto T_\varepsilon f(x):= \int_{|y|>\varepsilon} \frac{\Omega(y)}{|y|^{n-\beta}}f(x-y)d y,\qquad x\in \mathbb R^n, \] where \(\Omega\) is homogeneous of degree \(0\) on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) with zero mean and \(0<\beta<n\). Note that for \(\beta=0\) and \(\Omega\) satisfying suitable integrability conditions on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) this is a very classical singular integral considered by Calderón and Zygmund which can be shown to be bounded on \(L^p(\mathbb R^n)\) for \(p\in(1,\infty)\). The variation considered by the authors is a fusion of this operator and the Riesz potentials. It had been shown in [\textit{H. Yu} et al., J. Funct. Anal. 280, No. 5, Article ID 108887, 23 p. (2021; Zbl 1454.42012)] that if the modulus of continuity of \(\Omega\in L^\infty(\mathbb S^{n-1})\) satisfies the Dini condition then \(T_\varepsilon\) satisfies the mapping property \[ \|T_\varepsilon f\|_{q} \lesssim \|f\|_q + C(\beta,n,q)\|f\|_1 \] with \(C(\beta,n,q)\) explicit and vanishing when \(\beta=0\). In the paper under review, the authors remove the Dini assumption on \(\Omega\) and show that the aforementioned boundedness results persist under suitable integrability assumptions on \(\Omega\). Furthermore, they generalize the result above by showing that one can replace the \(L^1\)-norm on the right-hand side by any \(p<q\). Furthermore, in the present paper the authors show this boundedness property for the maximally truncated operator \(T^*f (x):= \sup_{\varepsilon>0} |T_{\varepsilon} f(x)|\). For example for \(n>1\), \(1\leq p<q<\infty\), \(\Omega \in L^r(\mathbb S^{n-1})\) with \(1/q+1=1/p+1/r\), the authors show that \[ \|T^\ast f\|_q \lesssim_{p,q} \|f\|_q + \frac{\beta^{(r-1)n/r}}{(r-1)n-r\beta)^{1/r}} \|f\|_p \] whenever \(0<\beta<(r-1)n/r\). A similar result is shown to hold in dimension \(n=1\) whenever \(\Omega\) is bounded.

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Maximal potentials, maximal singular integrals, and the spherical maximal function

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