On the oscillation of third order nonlinear difference equations

DOI10.1007/S12190-009-0243-8MaRDI QIDQ2379897zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ravi P. Agarwal, Said R. Grace, Patricia J. Y. Wong

Publication date 23 March 2010

Published in Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s12190-009-0243-8

zbMATH Keywords

nonoscillation oscillation third-order nonlinear difference equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Additive difference equations (39A10) Oscillation theory for difference equations (39A21)

Review text

The authors obtain some new oscillation criteria for the third-order nonlinear difference equations \[ \Delta^2\left((\Delta x(k))^\alpha/a(k)\right)+q(k)\,f(x[g(k)])=0 \] and \[ \Delta^2\left((\Delta x(k))^\alpha/a(k)\right)+q(k)\,f(x[g(k)])+q(k)\,h(x[\sigma(k)])=0. \] Here, \(\alpha\) is the ratio of two positive odd integers, \(\{a(k)\},\; \{p(k)\}\) and \(\{q(k)\}\) are positive sequences of real numbers, \(\sum^\infty{a^{1/\alpha}(j)}=\infty\), \(\{g(k)\}\) and \(\{\sigma(k)\}\) are nondecreasing sequences of real numbers, \(g(k) <k\) and \(\lim_{k \to \infty}{g(k)}=\infty\), \(\sigma(k)>k\), \(f,\, h\) are continuous functions that satisfy \(x \, f(x) >0\), \(f'(x) \geq 0 \), \(x h(x) >0\) and \(h'(x) \geq 0 \) for \(x \neq 0\).

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