On the semigroup of closure operations

\(\bigvee \)-irreducible elements closure operations complete lattice complete ring of sets full transformation semigroup partially ordered set semilattice

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Partial orders, general (06A06) Complete lattices, completions (06B23) Semigroups of transformations, relations, partitions, etc. (20M20)

Review text

Let (M,\(\leq)\) be a partially ordered set and denote by \({\mathcal T}_ M\) the full transformation semigroup on M. An element \(u\in {\mathcal T}_ M\) is a closure operation on M if it is idempotent, preserves order and, in addition, satisfies the condition that \(x\leq u(x)\) for all x. Denote by \(C_ M\) the family of all closure operations on M. In general, \(C_ M\) is not a subsemigroup of \({\mathcal T}_ M\) and when it is, \(C_ M\) is a semilattice. An element x of a complete lattice L is said to be \(\bigvee\)-irreducible if for each \(H\subseteq L\) such at \(x\leq \sup H\), then \(x\leq y\) for some \(y\in H\). It is shown that for a given semilattice S, there exists a partially ordered set M such that \(C_ M\) is isomorphic to S if and only if S is a complete lattice, under the usual ordering, in which every element is a supremum of \(\bigvee\)-irreducible elements. This, in turn, is equivalent to the proposition that there exists a complete ring of sets R such that S is isomorphic to the semilattice (R,\(\cap)\).

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