On zigzag permutations and comparisons of adjacent elements

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Each permutation \((a_ 1,a_ 2,...,a_ n)\) of 1,2,...,n determines a sequence of \(<\) and \(>\) relations determined by the relations holding between adjacent values \((a_ i,a_{i+1})\). A new and elementary algorithm is given, which, for every such pattern of \(<\), \(>\) relations, computes the number of permutations with that pattern. The algorithm enables one to calculate (in bits) the amount of information gained by comparing all adjacent pairs of elements in a list. It also has a simple extension to circular patterns of relations.











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