Operational methods, fractional operators and special polynomials.
fractional powers of differential operatorsmodified Hermite and Laguerre polynomialspartial operator-differential equationRiemann zeta function
Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Other functions defined by series and integrals (33E20) Operator partial differential equations (= PDEs on finite-dimensional spaces for abstract space valued functions) (35R20) Functional calculus for linear operators (47A60)
The paper is devoted to application of fractional powers of operators to special functions and operator-differential equations. Using the operator formula \[ a^{-\nu}={\frac{1}{\Gamma (\nu)}}\int^{\infty}_{0}\exp (-at)t^{\nu -1}dt,\eqno(1) \] the author discusses a formal representation of \(a^{-\nu}f(x)\) with partial differential operators \(a\) as functions. In this way, by using the operator rule \(\exp \left(\lambda{\frac{\partial}{\partial x}}\right)f(x)=f(x+\lambda)\), the formal representations of \[ \left(\alpha -y{\frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial x^{2}}}\right)^{-\nu}x^{n} \text{ and } \left(1+y{\frac{\partial}{\partial x}}x{\frac{\partial}{\partial x}}\right)^{-\nu} \left[{\frac{(-1)^{n}x^{n}}{n!}}\right] \] as polynomials \(_{\nu}H_{n}(x,y)\) and \(_{\nu}L_{n}(x,y)\) of \(x\) and \(y\), are deduced. These constructions are modifications of polynomials connected with the classical Hermite and Laguerre polynomials; see \textit{G. Datolli} [Advanced special functions and applications. Proceedings of the workshop, Melfi, Italy, May 9--12, 1999. Rome: Aracne Editrice. Proc. Melfi Sch. Adv. Top. Math. Phys. 1, 147--164 (2000; Zbl 1022.33006)]. Some properties of \(_{\nu}H_{n}(x,y)\) and \(_{\nu}L_{n}(x,y)\) are presented. Other applications of (1) are discussed. In particular, the formal representation of \(\left(x{\frac{\partial}{\partial x}}\right)^{\nu}\left[{\frac{x }{1-x}}\right]\) as the Riemann zeta function is given, and a formal solution of the Cauchy problem for one partial operator-differential equation is obtained. Note. In the formula (46) of the paper the relation \({\frac{\partial^{1/2}}{\partial^{1/2}x}}\) must be understood as \(\left({\frac{\partial}{\partial x}}\right)^{1/2}\).
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