Operations between sets in geometry

DOI10.4171/JEMS/422MaRDI QIDQ388775zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Richard J. Gardner, Daniel Hug, Wolfgang Weil

Publication date 7 January 2014

Published in Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1205.4327

zbMATH Keywords

projectionsymmetrizationstar setBrunn-Minkowski theoryradial addition\(L_p\) addition\(M\)-additioncompact convex setMinkowski additiondifference bodyassociativity equationcentral symmetralpolynomial volume

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Functional equations for real functions (39B22) Convex sets in (n) dimensions (including convex hypersurfaces) (52A20) Mixed volumes and related topics in convex geometry (52A39) Convex functions and convex programs in convex geometry (52A41) Variants of convex sets (star-shaped, ((m, n))-convex, etc.) (52A30)

Abstract: An investigation is launched into the fundamental characteristics of operations on and between sets, with a focus on compact convex sets and star sets (compact sets star-shaped with respect to the origin) in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space $R^n$. For example, it is proved that if $nge2$, with three trivial exceptions, an operation between origin-symmetric compact convex sets is continuous in the Hausdorff metric, GL(n) covariant, and associative if and only if it is $L_p$ addition for some $1lepleinfty$. It is also demonstrated that if $nge2$, an operation * between compact convex sets is continuous in the Hausdorff metric, GL(n) covariant, and has the identity property (i.e., $K\ast o=K=o\ast K$ for all compact convex sets $K$, where $o$ denotes the origin) if and only if it is Minkowski addition. Some analogous results for operations between star sets are obtained. An operation called $M$-addition is generalized and systematically studied for the first time. Geometric-analytic formulas that characterize continuous and GL(n)-covariant operations between compact convex sets in terms of $M$-addition are established. The term "polynomial volume" is introduced for the property of operations * between compact convex or star sets that the volume of $rK\ast sL$, $r,sge0$, is a polynomial in the variables $r$ and $s$. It is proved that if $nge2$, with three trivial exceptions, an operation between origin-symmetric compact convex sets is continuous in the Hausdorff metric, GL(n) covariant, associative, and has polynomial volume if and only if it is Minkowski addition.

Recommendations

• Characterizing addition of convex sets by polynomiality of volume and by the homothety operation
• New combinations of convex sets
• A characterization of Blaschke addition
• On possible generalizations of convex addition
• Binary operations in spherical convex geometry

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