Optimal arbitrage under model uncertainty

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Abstract: In an equity market model with "Knightian" uncertainty regarding the relative risk and covariance structure of its assets, we characterize in several ways the highest return relative to the market that can be achieved using nonanticipative investment rules over a given time horizon, and under any admissible configuration of model parameters that might materialize. One characterization is in terms of the smallest positive supersolution to a fully nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation of the Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman type. Under appropriate conditions, this smallest supersolution is the value function of an associated stochastic control problem, namely, the maximal probability with which an auxiliary multidimensional diffusion process, controlled in a manner which affects both its drift and covariance structures, stays in the interior of the positive orthant through the end of the time-horizon. This value function is also characterized in terms of a stochastic game, and can be used to generate an investment rule that realizes such best possible outperformance of the market.


The authors consider an equity market model with immeasurable uncertainty regarding relative risk and covariance structure of its assets. The papers provides answers to the following questions: (1) what is the highest return on an investment relative to the market that can be achieved using non-anticipative investment rules over a given horizon under any admissible configuration of model parameters, and (2), what are the weights corresponding to the assets of an investment rule that realizes this maximum return? The highest return is obtained here via the smallest positive supersolution to a nonlinear PDE of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman type which, under appropriate conditions, is the value function of an associated stochastic control problem. This value function can also be interpreted from the perspective of stochastic game theory.



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