Oscillations of delay difference equations in a critical state
The paper deals with the oscillation properties of the linear delay difference equation \[ \Delta x_{n}+p_{n}x_{n-k}=0, \tag{1} \] where \(\Delta\) is the forward difference operator, i.e., \(\Delta x_{n}=x_{n+1}-x_{n}\), and \(\{p_{n}\}\) is a sequence of nonnegative numbers. Under the critical condition \[ \liminf_{n\to\infty}p_{n}=\frac{k^{k}}{(k+1)^{k+1}} \] the authors establish that if \(\displaystyle a_{n}=p_{n}-\frac{k^{k}}{(k+1)^{k+1}}\geq 0\) for sufficiently large \(n\), then equation (1) is oscillatory if and only if the difference equation \[ \Delta^{2}y_{n-1}+2\frac{(k+1)^{k}}{k^{k+1}}a_{n}y_{n}=0 \] is oscillatory. As a corollary some oscillation criteria for equation (1) are derived.
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- Discrete oscillations
- Existence of positive nondecreasing solutions of nonlinear difference equations
- Explicit conditions for the oscillation of difference equations
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- Bounded oscillation criteria for second-order nonlinear delay difference equations of unstable type
- The third and fourth order linear difference equations near periodic critical states: sharp results in oscillation theory
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- Oscillations in Differential Equations with State-Dependent Delays
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- Boundedness and asymptotic behavior results for nonlinear difference equations with positive and negative coefficients
- A final result on the oscillation of solutions of the linear discrete delayed equation \({\Delta}x(n) = -p(n)x(n - k)\) with a positive coefficient
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