Oscillatory cosmic-ray shock structures

DOI10.1007/BF00638986MaRDI QIDQ1114550zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors G. P. Zank

Publication date 1988

Published in Astrophysics and Space Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00638986

zbMATH Keywords

astrophysical shockscosmic-ray accelerationcosmic-ray pressurefirst-order Fermi processHall current effectslong wavelengthmixed Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries (BKdV) equationsolitary wave behaviourtwo- fluid MHD model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Shock waves and blast waves in fluid mechanics (76L05) Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics (76W05) Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic problems in astronomy and astrophysics (85A30)

Review text

A multiple scales analysis is used to derive a mixed Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries (BKdV) equation in the long wavelength regime for a two-fluid MHD model used to describe cosmic-ray acceleration by the first-order Fermi process in astrophysical shocks. The BKdV equation describes the time evoluation of weak shocks in the theory of diffusive shock acceleration for all possible cosmic-ray pressures. Previous work on weak shocks in the cosmic-ray MHD model has assumed that dissipation alone is sufficient to balance nonlinearity, but, as cosmic-ray pressures become small, the weak shock becomes discontinuous. By including Hall current effects into the MHD model, the low cosmic-ray pressure limit leads smoothly into solitary wave behaviour. For low cosmic-ray pressures, the shock has a downstream oscillatory precursor which is smoothed into the standard Taylor shock profile with increasing cosmic-ray pressure. As a by-product of the perturbation analysis, a dissipative KdV equation is derived. In conclusion, dispersive effects on Alfvén waves are discussed and a modulational stability analysis is presented.

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Cites work

• A non-linear equation incorporating damping and dispersion
• A review of the multiple scale and reductive perturbation methods for deriving uncoupled nonlinear evolution equations
• Contributions to the Theory of Waves in Non-linear Dispersive Systems
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3516781 (Why is no real title available?)
• Modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation for Alfvén waves propagating along the magnetic field in cold plasmas
• Perturbation methods in applied mathematics

Cited in

(4)

• The propagating of weakly nonlinear waves in a plasma including low- pressure cosmic rays
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• Numerical implementation of streaming down the gradient: application to fluid modeling of cosmic rays and saturated conduction
• Dispersive shock waves in the solar wind

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