PAIRS OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL POLYNOMIALS
Suppose that \(f\) is meromorphic in the plane and that \(f\) and \(f^{(k)}\) have only finitely many zeros, for some \(k=2\). Then one has \(f(z)= \text{Re}^P\) with \(R\) a rational function and \(P\) a polynomial. The result was proved by the authors and Hennekemper and Pollaczek. In this paper, the above result be generalized in a new direction. Let \[ F= L_1(f)= f^{(k)}+ \sum^{k-1}_{j= 0} a_jf^{(j)},\quad G= L_2(f)= f^{(n)}+ \sum^{k-1}_{j= 0} b_jf^{(j)} \] be two linear differential polynomials with \(k\geq n\geq 1\) and \(a_j\) and \(b_j\) rational functions. Assume that \[ \overline N(r,1/F)+ \overline N(r,1/G)= O(\log^+T(r, f'/f)+ \log r) \] as \(r\) tends to infinity outside a set of finite measure, and that the equations \(L_1(w)= 0\), \(L_2(w)= 0\) have no non-trivial common solution. Then \(f\) has finite order and finitely many zeros and \(f'/f\) has a representation \[ {f'(z)\over f(z)}= Y(z)+ {P(Q(z)+ \log R(z))(Q'(z)+ R'(z)/R(z))\over R(z) e^{Q(z)}- 1}\tag{1} \] in which \(Y\) and \(R\) are rational functions and \(P\) and \(Q\) are polynomials, and at least one of \(P\) and \(Q\) and \(R\) is constant. In the case \(k=n\), the method of proof is based on the fact that the linear differential polynomials \(F\) and \(G\) have, with finitely many exceptions, the same poles. In the case \(k= 2\), the authors use a refinement of a method of \textit{G. Frank} [Math. Z. 149, 29-36 (1976; Zbl 0321.30034); Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 53, 407-428 (1986; Zbl 0635.34005)]. The authors give an example, show that (1) can indeed be valid.
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