PROBLEMS ON COMBINATORIAL PROPERTIES OF PRIMES

DOI10.1142/9789814644938_0006MaRDI QIDQ3461839zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Zhi-Wei Sun

Publication date 18 January 2016

Published in Number Theory: Plowing and Starring Through High Wave Forms (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.6641

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions (05A10) Combinatorial aspects of partitions of integers (05A17) Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems (11A07) Other combinatorial number theory (11B75) Goldbach-type theorems; other additive questions involving primes (11P32) Elementary theory of partitions (11P81) Partitions; congruences and congruential restrictions (11P83) Primes (11A41)

Abstract: For $xge0$ let $pi(x)$ be the number of primes not exceeding $x$. The asymptotic behaviors of the prime-counting function $pi(x)$ and the $n$-th prime $p_n$ have been studied intensively in analytic number theory. Surprisingly, we find that $pi(x)$ and $p_n$ have many combinatorial properties which should not be ignored. In this paper we pose 60 open problems on combinatorial properties of primes (including connections between primes and partition functions) for further research. For example, we conjecture that for any integer $n>1$ one of the $n$ numbers $pi(n),pi(2n),\mathrm{...},pi(n^2)$ is prime; we also conjecture that for any integer $n>6$ there exists a prime $p<n$ such that $pn$ is a primitive root modulo $p_n$. One of our conjectures involving the partition function $p(n)$ states that for any prime $p$ there is a primitive root $g<p$ modulo $p$ with $ginp(n):n=1,2,3,\mathrm{...}$.

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Cited in

(2)

• On permutations of \(\{1,\ldots ,n\}\) and related topics
• A new theorem on the prime-counting function

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