PROJECTIONS AND SEPARATORS
An operator \(P\) is called a separator if it is idempotent and co-idempotent, i.e., \(P^2=P\) and \((I-P)^2=I-P\). For a linear operator \(P\) idempotence and co-idempotence coincide. Given a biinfinite sequence \(x\) the operators (one-sided impulse removers) are defined by \[ \begin{aligned} U_nx_i&= \min\{\max\{x_{i-n},\dots,x_i\},\dots,\max\{x_i,\dots,x_{i+n}\}\}\\ \text{and} L_nx_i&= \max\{\min\{x_{i-n},\dots,x_i\},\dots,\min\{x_i,\dots,x_{i+n}\}\}. \end{aligned} \] These remove only upwards impulses \(x\) and downward impulses \(x\) of width \(n\) respectively, without widening the other impulses. Composition yields therefore the pair \(L_nU_n\) and \(U_nL_n\) that remove the pulses of prescribed brief in both direction, and are also idempotent. Although idempotent, \(U_nL_n\) and \(L_nU_n\) are not projections. The author shows that \(L_n\), \(U_n\), \(L_nU_n\) and \(U_nL_n\) are separators.
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