Partial isometries between Hilbert modules and their compositions
It is an interesting question whether the product of two partial isometries is a partial isometry. The author shows that if we associate any set \(A\) with a Hilbert space \(H_A\) having an orthonormal basis \((e_a)_{a\in A}\), each injective partially defined function \(f\colon B\supseteq D_f\rightarrow A\) generates a partial isometry \(v_f\colon H_B\rightarrow H_A\) defined as follows:\N\[\Nv_f(e_b):= \begin{cases} e_{f(b)}& \text{if}~ b\in D_f, \\\N0&\text{otherwise.} \end{cases}\N\]\NThen, for each pair of two functions \(f\) and \(g\), \(v_fv_g=v_{f\circ g}\). Therefore, the composition of these partial isometries is again a partial isometry. By considering the idea of giving the composition of partially defined functions its natural maximal domain, the author provides a composition of partial isometries that also yields a partial isometry. He turns the product \(vw\) of two partial isometries into a partial isometry by reducing its ``domain through multiplication \(vw\) with a projection from the right.\N\NAmong other results, he proves that for two partial isometries \(v\) and \(w\), there is a unique maximal projection \(p_{v,w}\) such that \((vwp_{v,w})^*(vwp_{v,w})=p_{v,w}\). Moreover, \(p_{v,w}\le w^*w\), and \(wp_{v,w}\) is a partial isometry. Moreover, \((wp_{v,w})(wp_{v,w})^*\le v^*v\). Furthermore, he establishes that the composition \(v\cdot w:=vwp_{v,w}\) among partial isometries associates with two (composable) partial isometries, and the partial isometry contained in \(vw\) is associative.\N\NFinally, he extends these results to (not necessarily adjointable) partial isometries between Hilbert modules.
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