Planar arcs

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2018.06.015MaRDI QIDQ1671783zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Simeon Ball, Michel Lavrauw

Publication date 7 September 2018

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.10940, http://hdl.handle.net/2117/125122

zbMATH Keywords

projective geometryfinite geometrylinear codesalgebraic curvesGalois geometryarcsMDS conjecturesingleton bound

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of finite geometries (05B25) Plane and space curves (14H50) Blocking sets, ovals, (k)-arcs (51E21)

Abstract: Let $p$ denote the characteristic of ${mathbbF}_q$, the finite field with $q$ elements. We prove that if $q$ is odd then an arc of size $q+2-t$ in the projective plane over ${mathbbF}_q$, which is not contained in a conic, is contained in the intersection of two curves, which do not share a common component, and have degree at most $t+p^{lfloorlo{g}_{p}tfloor}$, provided a certain technical condition on $t$ is satisfied. This implies that if $q$ is odd then an arc of size at least $q-sqrtq+sqrtq/p+3$ is contained in a conic if $q$ is square and an arc of size at least $q-sqrtq+frac72$ is contained in a conic if $q$ is prime. This is of particular interest in the case that $q$ is an odd square, since then there are examples of arcs, not contained in a conic, of size $q-sqrtq+1$, and it has long been conjectured that if $qeq9$ is an odd square then any larger arc is contained in a conic. These bounds improve on previously known bounds when $q$ is an odd square and for primes less than $1783$. The previously known bounds, obtained by Segre cite{Segre1967}, Hirschfeld and Korchm'aros cite{HK1996} cite{HK1998}, and Voloch cite{Voloch1990b} cite{Voloch1991}, rely on results on the number of points on algebraic curves over finite fields, in particular the Hasse-Weil theorem and the St"ohr-Voloch theorem, and are based on Segre's idea to associate an algebraic curve in the dual plane containing the tangents to an arc. In this paper we do not rely on such theorems, but use a new approach starting from a scaled coordinate-free version of Segre's lemma of tangents. Arcs in the projective plane over ${mathbbF}_q$ of size $q$ and $q+1$, $q$ odd, were classified by Segre cite{Segre1955b} in 1955. In this article, we complete the classification of arcs of size $q-1$ and $q-2$.

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Cited in

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• On Segre's lemma of tangents
• New MDS self-dual codes over finite fields of odd characteristic
• PLANAR LACES
• Simple plane arcs of positive area
• Arcs in Laguerre planes
• Arcs in \(\mathrm{AG}(2,q)\) determining few directions
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• Inclusion matrices and the MDS conjecture
• On sets of points with few odd secants
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