Positive operators and elliptic eigenvalue problems
Das Eigenwertproblem \[ Lu=\lambda mu\quad (in\quad\Omega ),\quad u=0\quad (auf\quad\partial \Omega) \] (mit einem gleichmäßig elliptischen Operator L über einem glatten beschränkten Gebiet \(\Omega)\) wurde von mehreren Autoren unter verschiedenen Voraussetzungen an die Gewichtsfunktion m untersucht. Einer der allgemeinsten Existenzsätze für positive Eigenwerte, welcher nicht die Definitheit von m auf \(\Omega\) voraussetzt, stammt von \textit{P. Hess} und \textit{T. Kato} [Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 5, 999-1030 (1981; Zbl 0477.35075)]. Erklärtes Ziel des Autors der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, solche Existenzsätze vom funktionalanalytischen Standpunkt der Eigenwerttheorie positiver Operatoren her zu beweisen. Hierbei ist insbesondere eine wichtige Variante des Krejn - Rutman - Theorems von Nutzen, die vom Autor selbst stammt [Lecture Notes Math. 886, 309-330 (1981; Zbl 0489.47037)]. Es gelingt dem Autor, eine Fülle anwendbarer Ergebnisse herzuleiten und sich dabei noch von mehreren (ansonsten üblichen) Voraussetzungen zu befreien: Beispielsweise wird der Operator L nicht als dicht definiert vorausgesetzt (was gewisse Beispiele in \(L^{\infty}\) erlaubt), und der Operator -L muß nicht eine \(C_ 0\)- Halbgruppe erzeugen [was Anwendungen in Hölderräumen ermöglicht, vgl. dazu eine Arbeit von \textit{H. Kielhöfer} in Manuscr. Math. 12, 121- 152 (1974; Zbl 0276.35059)].
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