Positive solutions for a class of nonlinear elliptic problems

Publication date 5 October 1999

Published in Hiroshima Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Dirichlet problem domain with a hole existence of solutions multiplicity nonlinear elliptic equation uniqueness

Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23) Nonlinear elliptic equations (35J60)

Review text

The author considers the following problem: \[ \Delta u+f(u)=0\;\text{in } \Omega, \quad u=0\;\text{on }\Gamma_1,\quad u=b \text{ on } \Gamma_2, \tag{1} \] where \(f:\mathbb{R}^+\to \mathbb{R}^+\), \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^N\) with a hole, \(\Gamma_1(\Gamma_2)\) is the outer (inner) boundary, \(b\) is a positive number. Theorem 1. Let \(f\) be continuous and \(\lim_{x\to 0} \frac{f(x)}{x}=0, \lim_{x\to \infty} \frac{f(x)}{x}=\infty.\) Then there exists a positive number \(b^*\) such that problem (1) has a positive solution for \(b<b^*\) and no solution for \(b>b^*\). Theorem 2. Let \(f\) be locally Lipschitz continuous, convex and \(\lim_{x\to 0} \frac{F(x)}{x^2}=0\), \(F(t):=\int_0^t f(s) ds\); \(\lim_{x\to \infty} \frac{f(x)}{x}=\infty.\) Then there exists a positive number \(b^*\) such that the problem (1) with \(\Gamma_1=\{x\mid |x|=r>0\}\), \(\Gamma_2=\{x\mid |x|=R>r\}\) has at least two positive radially symmetric solutions for \(b<b^*\), at least one for \(b=b^*\) and none for \(b>b^*\). Theorem 1 extends result by \textit{M. G. Lee} and \textit{S. S. Lin} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 181, 348-361 (1994; Zbl 0791.35045)] onto the case of nonconvex and nonsmooth functions \(f\). Theorem 2 extends and complements results by \textit{C. Bandle} and \textit{L. A. Peletier} [Math. Ann. 280, 1-19 (1988; Zbl 0619.35044)] formulated for \(f(u)=u^{(N+2)/(N-2)}\).

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