Positive solutions of fourth order singular boundary value problems

Publication date 27 October 2002

Published in Nonlinear Studies (Search for Journal in Brave)

positive solution singular boundary value problem

Singular nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B16) Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18)

Review text

Sufficient conditions for the existence of \(C^{2}[0,1]\) positive solutions to singular boundary value problems for fourth-order differential equations are obtained. Exactly, the authors consider the following problem NEWLINE\[NEWLINEx^{(4)}(t)=\lambda a(t)f(t,x(t)),\;0<t<1,\quad x(0)=x(1)=0,\quad x^{\prime \prime }(0)=x^{\prime \prime }(1)=0,\tag{1}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(\lambda >0\) is a real parameter, \(a(t)\) and \(f(t,x)\) satisfy the following conditions: NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\((H_{1})\) \(a(t)\in C((0,1),[0,\infty))\), \(a(t)\neq 0\) in \((0,1)\) and the following inequalities hold NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{matrix} \int_{0}^{1}t(1-t)a(t)dt &\in &(0,\infty) \\ \lim_{t\rightarrow 0^{+}}t\int_{t}^{1}(1-s)a(s)ds &=&0 \\ \lim_{t\rightarrow 1^{-}}(1-t)\int_{0}^{t}sa(s)ds &=&0 \end{matrix}\tag{*}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\((H_{2})\) \(f(t,x)\in C([0,1]\times [0,\infty),(0,\infty))\) is nondecreasing in \(x\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe main results are:NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1: Assume that \((H_{1})-(H_{2})\) hold. Then there exists \( \lambda _{1}>0\) such that problem \((1)\) has at least one \(C^{2}[0,1]\) positive solution for \(0<\lambda \leq \lambda_{1}\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 2: Assume that \((H_{1})-(H_{2})\) hold. Furthermore, \(f\) satisfies the following condition: NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\((H_{3})\) there exists \(d>0\) such that \(f(t,x)\geq dx\) for \(0\leq t\leq 1,\) \(x>0.\) Then there exists \(\lambda _{2}>0\) such that problem \((1)\) has at least one \(C^{2}[0,1]\) positive solution for \(0<\lambda < \lambda_{2}\) while there is no such solution for \(\lambda >\lambda _{2}\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe proofs of the results are obtained by means of the method of lower and upper solutions with the maximum principle.

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