Potential Bounds in Nonpotential Two-Point Boundary - Value Problems

Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20)

Review text

New conditions are suggested for the existence of solutions of the boundary value problem: \[ Ly:= -y+p(t)y' +q(t)y =f(t,y,y'), \quad y(0)= y(T)=0. \] Assume \(p\in C^1 [0,T]\), \(q\in C[0,T]\), \(f\) is continuous and \(\Pi_- (t,x)\leq f(t,x,z) \leq\Pi_+ (t,x)\) for \(t\in[0,T]\), \(x\in\mathbb{R}\), \(z\in\mathbb{R}\), where \(\Pi_-\) and \(\Pi_+\) are continuous functions satisfying a local Lipschitz condition in \(x\) uniformly in \(t\). Define \(\Gamma_- (t,x;\alpha) =\min \{\Pi_-(t,x), \lambda_0x -\alpha x\}\) and \(\Gamma_+ (t,x;\alpha) =\max \{\Pi_+(t,x), \lambda_0 x-\alpha x\}\) for \(t\in[0,T]\), \(x\in\mathbb{R}\) and \(\alpha>0\), where \(\lambda_0\) is the smallest eigenvalue of \(L\). Suppose that there is \(\alpha_0>0\) such that the bounds \(\Pi_-\), \(\Pi_+\) satisfy: \[ \int^x_0 \Gamma_- (t,\theta; \alpha_0)d \theta\leq a(t;\alpha_0) +k(\alpha_0) x^2/2 \quad \text{for } x\leq 0,\;t\in [0,T], \] \[ \int^x_0\Gamma_+ (t,\theta; \alpha_0) d\theta\leq a(t; \alpha_0) +k (\alpha_0) x^2/2 \quad \text{for } x\geq 0,\;t\in [0,T], \] where \(a(t; \alpha_0)\in C[0,T]\) and \(k(\alpha_0) <\lambda_0\). Then the problem has a solution \(y\in C^2[0,T]\). The proof is a combination of variational methods, topological fixed point principles and methods of partially ordered spaces.

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