Power Integral Bases in Composits of Number Fields

Let \(K\) be an algebraic number field of degree \(n\) with integral basis \(b_1=1,b_2,\dots, b_n\) and discriminant \(D_K\). For any algebraic integer \(\alpha= x_1+ x_2b_2+\cdots+ x_nb_n\) of \(K\), the discriminant of the power basis \(1,\alpha, \alpha^2,\dots, \alpha^{n-1}\) is equal to \(I_K (x_2,\dots, x_n)^2 D_K\), where \(I_K (x_2,\dots, x_n)\) is a polynomial in \(\mathbb{Z} [x_2,\dots, x_n]\). Hence, in order that \(\alpha\) generates a power integral basis it is necessary and sufficient that \(x_1\in \mathbb{Z}\) and \((x_1,\dots, x_n)\) is an integer solution of the index form equation \(I_K (x_2,\dots, x_n)= \pm 1\). The author has contributed a lot to this subject. With this paper he adds more, by studying the problem of finding power integral bases when \(K\) is the composite of two subfields with coprime discriminants. From the author's introduction: ``For such fields we derive (in Section 2) an important consequence of the index form equation, which throws also some light on the connection of the solutions of the index form equation in the composite field with the solutions of the index form equations in the subfields. In Section 3 we specialize the general results of Section 2 to composites of imaginary quadratic fields with totally real cyclic fields of prime degree. For such fields we reduce the resolution of the index form equation in the composite field to the resolution of the index form equation in the totally real cyclic subfield. As an application of the explicit results of Section 3, in Section 4 we compose imaginary quadratic fields with a totally real cyclic quintic family of fields, first considered by Emma Lehmer. \dots{} We solve completely the index form equation in the composite field of degree 10. We show that none of the fields in this two-parametric family admits a power integral basis.

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