Precise Gaussian lower bounds on heat kernels
Let \(g\) be a Riemannian metric on a Euclidean space \(E^n\) and \(d(x,y)\) denote the Riemannian distance between \(x\) and \(y\). The author gives a more precise estimate for the lower bound for the heat kernel \(p(t,x,y)\) of the Lévi-Civita Laplace-Beltrami operator \(\Delta\) generating a diffusion semi-group \(T_t=\exp\{\frac{t\Delta}{2}\}\). The conditions on the decay of the derivative of the Riemannian metric \(g\) are stated to ensure that there exists a positive constant \(C\) such that the following lower bound for the heat kernel holds \[ p(t,x,y)\geq C\cdot t^{-\frac{n}{2}} e^{-\frac{d(x,y)^2}{2t}}. \] These conditions allow to include in consideration manifolds \(M\) with a negative curvature. In addition, under the same conditions on \(g\) the estimate \[ \inf _{0\leq t\leq 1 , z\in M}f(t,y,z)>0 \] for \(f(t,y,z)=p(t,y,z)(2\pi t)^ {\frac{n}{2}}e^{\frac{d(x,y)^2}{2t}}\) is assured to hold. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0952.00068].
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