Problem of envelopes of locally convex spaces
The note contains a natural generalization of the notion of the envelope of Banach space for the class of locally convex spaces (l.c.s.). The technique of the note is based upon the construction of ultraproduct exploited, in particular, by \textit{S. Heinrich} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 313, 72-104 (1980; Zbl 0412.46017)] for Banach spaces; the proofs also appear to the well-known results of \textit{J. Stern} [Isr. J. Math. 73, 41- 49 (1976)] about the envelopes of Banach spaces. The result of the note states that two classes of l.c.s. \(X^ f\) and env \(X^ f\) are cofinal to each other in a natural sense; the definition of the classes are the following: for a countably incomplete ultrafilter D define \(X\leq Y\) if \(X\hookrightarrow (Y)_ D\); the imbedding is isomorphic, and \(X^ f:=\{Y| \quad Y\leq X\text{ and } X\leq Y\},\) finally, \(env X^ f:=\{W| \quad \dot X\in X^ f;\) \(W\leq \dot X\) and \(\dot X\leq W\) and for \(y\leq \dot X\) with dim \(Y\leq \dim W\) holds \(Y\hookrightarrow W\}.\) As a consequence, each l.c.s. has an envelope; in particular, under (MA) every F-space has the envelope with continual dimension.
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