Profinite non-rigidity of arithmetic groups

DOI10.4171/GGD/815MaRDI QIDQ6851210zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Amir Y. Weiss Behar

Publication date 27 February 2026

Published in Groups, Geometry, and Dynamics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.4171/GGD/815

zbMATH Keywords

\(S\)-arithmetic groupadelic superrigidityarithmetic subgroupcongruence subgroup propertyprofinite rigidity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Limits, profinite groups (20E18) Structure theory for linear algebraic groups (20G07) Exceptional groups (20G41)

Review text

The paper studies profinite rigidity for higher-rank arithmetic lattices. A finitely generated residually finite group \(\Gamma\) is called profinitely rigid if every finitely generated residually finite group \(\Lambda\) with \(\widehat{\Lambda}\cong\widehat{\Gamma}\) is isomorphic to \(\Gamma\).\N\NLet \(k\) be a number field and let \(\mathbf{G}\) be a connected, simply connected, absolutely almost simple \(k\)-linear algebraic group of high \(1\)-rank such that \(\mathbf{G}(k)\) satisfies the congruence subgroup property and let \(\Gamma\le \mathbf{G}(k)\) be an arithmetic subgroup. The main theorem shows that, unless \(k=\mathbb{Q}\) and \(\mathbf{G}\) has type \(G_2\), \(F_4\), or \(E_8\), the group \(\Gamma\) contains infinitely many pairs of finite index subgroups \(\Gamma_1,\Gamma_2\) which are not isomorphic while \(\widehat{\Gamma}_1\cong\widehat{\Gamma}_2\); in the exceptional cases, no such pair exists and arithmetic subgroups of \(\mathbf{G}(\mathbb{Q})\) with isomorphic profinite completions are isomorphic.\N\NThe paper also proves an \(S\)-arithmetic analogue: outside the exceptional cases, for each fixed \(n\) there are infinitely many sequences of pairwise non-isomorphic finite index subgroups \(\Gamma_1,\dots,\Gamma_n\) with isomorphic profinite completions.

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