Projective models of Picard modular varieties
[For the entire collection see Zbl 0744.00029.] Picard modular varieties are by definition quotients of the unit ball by certain arithmetic groups. The paper gives an explicit description of modular embeddings of some Picard modular varieties of low dimension. To be more precise, an automorphism of an abelian variety of dimension \(g\) is of type \((p,g)\) if its analytic representation has \(p\) eigenvalues equal to \(\lambda\) and \(q=g-p\) eigenvalues equal to \(\overline \lambda\). If \(U(p,q)\) denotes the unitary group of a Hermitian form of signature \((p,q)\), then \(H_{p,q}:=U(p,q)/U(p) \times U(q)\) may be considered as the subspace of the Siegel upper half space representing principally polarized abelian varieties admitting an automorphism of type \((p,q)\). The quotient of \(H_{p,q}\) by a discrete subgroup \(\Gamma_ M(2)\) is the moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties with an automorphism of type \((p,q)\) and a certain level structure. Note that \(H_{p,1}\) is just the \(p\)-dimensional complex unit ball. The second-order theta-constant map \(\Theta_{p,q}:H_{p,q} \to \mathbb{P}_ N\) factors via \(\Gamma_ M(2)\) and the author gives an explicit description by equations in \(\mathbb{P}_ N\) of the image of \(\Theta_{p,q}\) for \((p,q)= (1,1)\), (2,1) and (3,1) for an automorphism of order 3 and \((p,q)=(1,1)\) and (2,2) for an automorphism of order 4. In the first three cases the closure of \(\text{Im} (\Theta_{p,q})\) is the Satake compactification of the moduli variety \(H_{p,q}/ \Gamma_ M(2)\). In most of the cases the abelian varieties are in fact Jacobians of curves with an automorphism. The most interesting case is \(H_{3,1}/ \Gamma_ M(2)\). It is shown that its Satake compactification is the Burckhardt quartic threefold \(B\) in \(\mathbb{P}_ 4\). The projective dual of this threefold is isomorphic to the Satake compactification of the moduli space \(S_ 2/ \Gamma_ 2(3)\) of abelian surfaces with a level-3 structure. A very nice moduli-theoretic description of the birational isomorphism \(H_{3,1}/ \Gamma_ M(2) \simeq S_ 2/ \Gamma_ 2 (3)\) is given. For another description of this isomorphism see a paper by \textit{B. Hunt} and \textit{S. H. Weintraub} [``Janus-like algebraic varieties, J. Differ. Geom. 39, No. 3, 509-557 (1994)].
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