Proof of the GGS conjecture

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Abstract: We prove the GGS conjecture (1993), due to Gerstenhaber, Giaquinto, and Schack, which gives a particularly simple explicit quantization of classical r-matrices for Lie algebras gl(n) in terms of an element R satisfying the quantum Yang-Baxter equation and the Hecke condition. The r-matrices were classified by Belavin and Drinfeld in the 1980s in terms of combinatorial objects known as Belavin-Drinfeld triples. We prove this conjecture by showing that the GGS matrix coincides with another quantization due to Etingof, Schiffmann, and the author, which is a more general construction. We do this by explicitly expanding the product from the aforementioned paper using detailed combinatorial analysis in terms of Belavin-Drinfeld triples.


In [\textit{M. Gerstenhaber, A. Giaquinto} and \textit{S. D. Schack}, Isr. Math. Conf. Proc. 7, 45-64 (1993; Zbl 0845.17017)], it was conjectured that the matrix \(R_{\text{GGS}}\in \text{Mat}_n (C)\otimes \text{Mat}_n (C)\) satisfies the quantum Yang-Baxter equation and the Hecke relation. This was called the GGS Conjecture, which gives a particularly simple explicit quantization of classical \(r\)-matrices for Lie algebras \(gl(n)\). In this paper, the author gives an affirmative answer for the GGS Conjecture by showing that the GGS matrix coincides with another quantization \(R_J\), which is a more general construction and satisfies the quantum Yang-Baxter equation and the Hecke relation according to an article of \textit{P. Etingof}, the author and \textit{O. Schiffmann} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 13, 595-609 (2000; Zbl 0957.17011)].











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