On the extendability of elliptic surfaces of rank two and higher

Abstract: We study threefolds X in a projective space having as hyperplane section a smooth surface with an elliptic fibration. We first give a general theorem about the possible embeddings of such surfaces with Picard number two. More precise results are then proved for Weierstrass fibrations, both of rank two and higher. In particular we prove that a Weierstrass fibration of rank two that is not a K3 surface is not hyperplane section of a locally complete intersection threefold and we give some conditions, for many embeddings of Weierstrass fibrations of any rank, under which every such threefold must be a cone.

Review text

A natural approach to study projective algebraic variety is the so called Apollonius method. That is consider an hyperplane section and then reconstruct the geometry of the ambient variety via the one of its section. It is therefore quite natural to understand which varieties can be embedded as hyperplane sections of other varieties. Besides many classical results, a fundamental work of \textit{A. J. Sommese} [Math. Ann. 221, 55--72 (1976; Zbl 0306.14006)] gave many criteria for extendability and non extendability of algebraic varieties. This area is called adjunction theory [\textit{M. C. Beltrametti, J. J. Sommese}, The adjunction theory of complex projective varieties. De Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics. 16. (Berlin): de Gruyter. (1995; Zbl 0845.14003)], and attracted many attention in the last decades, also for its relations with Minimal Model Program. The paper under review considers this problem for smooth surfaces that admits an elliptic fibrations. The main result is a list of the possible embeddings of these surfaces, of Picard rank 2, as hyperplane sections of mildly singular 3-folds. This is done via a subtle study of the geometry of the surface in relation with its possible three dimensional extensions. The result is then improved with stronger hypothesis on the surface and many interesting examples are given.

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