Special Ulrich bundles on regular Weierstrass fibrations
Let \(X \subset \mathbb{P}^n\) be a projective variety of dimension \(k\). The Chow divisor (in the Grassmannian) of \(X\) is the locus of the codimension \((k+1)\)-planes in \(\mathbb{P}^n\) which intersect \(X\). Finding an explicit presentation of its defining equation, the Chow form of \(X\), is a challenging problem. \textit{D. Eisenbud} and \textit{F.-O. Schreyer} provided a determinantal representation of some powers of the Chow form when \(X\) supports a special kind of coherent sheaf, namely, a weakly Ulrich sheaf [J. Am. Math. Soc. 16, No. 3, 537--575, appendix 576--579 (2003; Zbl 1069.14019)]. Note that a coherent sheaf \(\mathcal E\) on \(X\) is weakly Ulrich if \(H^j (\mathcal E (i))=0\) for \(1 \le j \le k, i+j > 0\), and \(0\le j \le k-1, i+j < -1\). Even better, if \(H^j (\mathcal E(i))=0\) for \(1 \le j \le k, i+j \ge 0\), and \(0 \le j \le k-1, i+j \le -1\), \(\mathcal E\) is called Ulrich. Thanks to their several applications, there were several attempts and results on the existence problem of weakly Ulrich and Ulrich sheaves, whose positive answer is often called a conjecture of Eisenbud and Schreyer. For instance, a number of algebraic surfaces are known to support a rank 2 Ulrich bundle of determinant \(\mathcal O(3H+K)\) (called special). However, the problem for an arbitrary smooth algebraic surface is still widely open at the moment. An elliptic surface \(\pi:S \to C_0\) is called a Weierstrass fibration if \(\pi\) has irreducible fibers only and \(\pi\) admits a section \(C\) which does not pass through the singular points of any fiber. The paper under review studied special weakly Ulrich bundles on a Weierstrass fibration \((\pi:S \to C_0, C)\). Namely, if \(H\) is a very ample line bundle on \(S\) numerically equivalent to \(\alpha C + \beta F\) (\(F\) fiber) with \(\beta\) large enough, the authors constructed a rank \(2\) weakly Ulrich bundle with respect to \(H\) (see Theorem 3). As a consequence, when \(q=g(C_0)=0\), such a regular Weierstrass fibration supports a special Ulrich bundle with respect to \(H\) (see Theorem 4 and 5). Reviewer's remark: There is a typo on p.~1436, l.~18: \(\mathbb{P}^3\) should be \(\mathbb{P}^2\).
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