On the hard Lefschetz property of stringy Hodge numbers

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Abstract: For projective varieties with a certain class of 'mild' isolated singularities and for projective threefolds with arbitrary Gorenstein canonical singularities, we show that the stringy Hodge numbers satisfy the Hard Lefschetz property. This result fits nicely with a 6-dimensional counterexample of Mustata and Payne for the Hard Lefschetz property for stringy Hodge numbers in general. We also give such an example, ours is a hypersurface singularity.


The stringy numbers of a projective variety with Gorenstein canonical singularities are the coefficients of its stringy \(E\)-function supposed it is a polynomial (in general it is a rational function in 2 variables). Introduced by \textit{V. Batyrev} [in: Integrable systems and algebraic: Geometry, World Scientific (1998; Zbl 0963.14015)], they play the role of Hodge numbers in few constructions of string cohomology [\textit{L. Borisov} and \textit{A. Mavlyutov}, Adv. Math. 180, No. 1, 355--390 (2003; Zbl 1055.14044)]. They are also connected to the orbifold cohomology [\textit{W. Chen} and \textit{Y. Ruan}, Commun. Math. Phys. 248, No. 1, 1--31 (2004; Zbl 1063.53091)] and are the Hodge numbers of it for varieties with Gorenstein quotient singularities [\textit{T. Yasuda}, Compos. Math. 140, No. 2, 396--422 (2004; Zbl 1092.14028)]. The main result in the article under review is the analogue of the Hard Lefschetz property for the stringy numbers, i.e., \(h^{p,q}_{st}(Y)\leq h_{st}^{p+1,q+1}(Y)\) for \(p+q\leq d-2\), \(d=\dim (Y)\). It is proved for each of the next classes: i) a three dimensional projective variety with Gorenstein canonical singularities; ii) a projective variety of dimension bigger than 3 with at most isolated Gorenstein singularity, admitting a log resolution with discrepancy bigger than \(\lfloor\frac{d-4}{2} \rfloor\). Its proof is given in sec. 3 after the stringy Hodge numbers are defined briefly in the previous section. Then in the last section is proposed a new example of a six dimensional projective hypersurface with isolated canonical singularity not satisfying the Hard Lefschetz property, and an earlier example [\textit{M. Mustata} and \textit{S. Payne}, Math. Ann. 333, No. 4, 787--795 (2005; Zbl 1082.52007)] is compared with the main theorem.











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