A property of spectrums of measures on certain transformation groups
This paper concerns analytic measures. Nowadays such measures live on locally compact Hausdorff spaces. So let \(X\) be such a space, and let \(\mu\) be a complex measure on \(X\). Suppose \(G\) is a compact Abelian group with ordered dual \(\Gamma\), and that \(G\) acts on \(X\). The measure \(\mu\) is said to be analytic (with respect to \(G\)) if for every character \(\chi\) in the positive cone \(P\) of \(\Gamma\), the convolution of \(\bar\chi\) with \(\mu\) vanishes. A celebrated theorem of Helson and Lowdenslager (1958) says that when \(G\) acts on itself (so \(X=G\)), (1) the absolutely continuous part of an analytic measure is analytic, and (2) if \(P\cap\overline P=\{1\}\), then the mean values (or central Fourier coefficients) of the two are the same. Here absolute continuity is with respect to the Haar measure of \(G\). Since \(P\) orders \(\Gamma\), either \(\chi\in P\) or \(\bar\chi\in P\) for every \(\chi\in\Gamma\). Several years ago, the author extended the Helson- Lowdenslager theorem to general \(X\). Now absolute continuity is with respect to some (positive) quasi-invariant measure on \(X\). In the present paper, he replaces the absolutely continuous part by the part which translates continuously, and shows that this part is analytic (provided \(\mu\) is), and that item (2) holds.
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