On k-sets in arrangements of curves and surfaces

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Publication:1179129





The article considers simple curves in two dimensions each of which separates the plane into two connected components, the interior and the exterior of the curve. Given a set \(S\) of such curves, the \(k\)-set of \(S\) is defined as the set of those intersection points which are covered by \(k\) interiors. The \(\leq k\)-set is defined analogously. Various bounds on the size of \(\leq k\)-sets are given, for example \({\mathcal O}(nk)\) if any two curves intersect at most twice, \(\Theta(nk\alpha(n/k))\) (\(\alpha\) is the inverse of the Ackermann-function) if they intersect at most three times, and \(\Theta(k^ 2\lambda_ s(n/k))\) if they are \(x\)-monotone and intersect at most \(s\) times. These results are obtained by applying a probabilistic technique of Clarkson and Shor to relate the size of \((\leq k)\)-sets to the size of 0-sets of a sample of the curves. Several applications of these results are given including efficient data structures for disc-stabbing, i.e. reporting from a set of discs in the plane all those that contain a given query point, with generalizations to half-planes (bounded by curves) and arbitrary disjoint convex sets.



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