Hausdorff dimension of boundaries of self-affine tiles in R^N

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Publication:1275296



Abstract: We present a new method to calculate the Hausdorff dimension of a certain class of fractals: boundaries of self-affine tiles. Among the interesting aspects are that even if the affine contraction underlying the iterated function system is not conjugated to a similarity we obtain an upper- and lower-bounds for its Hausdorff dimension. In fact, we obtain the exact value for the dimension if the moduli of the eigenvalues of the underlying affine contraction are all equal (this includes Jordan blocks). The tiles we discuss play an important role in the theory of wavelets. We calculate the dimension for a number of examples.


Let \((M, R)\) be a pair where \(M: {\mathbb R}^n \to {\mathbb R}^n\) is a linear isomorphism with all eigenvalues outside the unit circle and \(R\) is a finite subset of \({\mathbb R}^n\). Then there exists a unique compact set \(\Lambda = \Lambda(M,R)\) such that \[ \Lambda = \bigcup_{r \in R} M^{-1}(\Lambda + r). \] \textit{J. C. Lagarias} and \textit{Y. Wang} [Adv. Math. 121, No. 1, 21-49 (1996; Zbl 0893.52013)] and \textit{J.-P. Conze, L. Hervé} and \textit{A. Raugi} [Bol. Soc. Bras. Mat., Nova Sér. 28, 1-42 (1997; Zbl 0883.42029)] proved that if \((M, R)\) is a regular standard pair, then \(\Lambda(M,R)\) is a tile by \({\mathbb Z}(M, R)\), where \({\mathbb Z}(M, R)\) is the smallest \(M\)-invariant sublattice of \({\mathbb Z}^n\) that contains all points \(d = r_1 - r_2\) (\(r_1,r_2 \in R\)). In the paper under review, the author studies the Hausdorff dimension of \(\delta \Lambda\) -- the boundary of \( \Lambda(M,R)\) -- and gives upper and lower bounds for \(H\dim (\delta \Lambda)\). When the moduli of the eigenvalues of the underlying affine contraction are all equal, these upper and lower bounds coincide, giving a formula for \(H\dim(\delta \Lambda)\). Some examples showing the calculations of \(H\dim(\delta \Lambda)\) are also given.











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