Results in L^ p(R^ d) for the Schrödinger equation with a time-dependent potential
Let \(H_ 0 = -\textstyle{1\over 2}\Delta\) on \(L^ 2(\mathbb{R}^ d)\) and let \(H(t) = H_ 0 + V(t)\), where \(V(t)\) denotes multiplication by a real valued function \(V(t,x)\), defined on \(\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^ d\). The Fourier transform of \(V(t,x)\) with respect to the \(x\)-variable is denoted \(\widehat V(t,\xi)\). Assume \(\widehat{V} \in L^ 1(\mathbb{R};{\mathcal M}(\mathbb{R}^ d))\), where \({\mathcal M}(\mathbb{R}^ d)\) denotes the Banach space of finite complex regular measures on \(\mathbb{R}^ d\) with the total variation norm. Under the above assumption on \(V\) there is a unique unitary propagator \(U(t,s)\) associated with the Schrödinger equation \(id\varphi/dt = H(t)\varphi\), \(\varphi(s) = \varphi_ 0\), such that the solution is given by \(\varphi(t) = U(t,s)\varphi_ 0\). Le \(W(s;t) = U(s,t)\exp(-i(t-s)H_ 0)\). For \(V\) considered here the wave operators \(W_ \pm(s) = s-\lim_{t \to \pm\infty}W(s;t)\) exist and are unitary. The main result obtained here is Theorem 1. The wave operators \(W_ \pm(s)\) extend to bounded operators on \(L^ p(\mathbb{R}^ d)\), \(1 \leq p \leq \infty\), with operator norms bounded uniformly in \(s\) and \(p\). The proof is based on a simple integral equation for \(W(t;s)\). Combining this result with the intertwining property and a well-known estimate for \(\exp(-it H_ 0)\) we obtain Theorem 2. The propagator \(U(t,s)\), \(t\neq s\), extends to a bounded operator from \(L^ 1(\mathbb{R}^ d)\) to \(L^ \infty(\mathbb{R}^ d)\), such that \[ \| U(t,s)\|_{{\mathcal B}(L^ 1(\mathbb{R}^ d),L^ \infty(\mathbb{R}^ d))} \leq c| t-s|^{-d/2}. \] Results on \(L^ p\)-boundedness of the wave operators for a certain class of time- independent potentials have recently been obtained by \textit{K. Yajima} [The \(L^ p\)-continuity of wave operators for Schrödinger operators, Proc. Japan Acad. Ser. A 69, 94-98 (1993)]. The estimate in the second theorem was obtained for a class of time-independent potentials in [\textit{J. L. Journé}, \textit{A. Soffer} and \textit{C. D. Sogge}, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 44, 573-604 (1991; Zbl 0743.35008)].
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