The development of tensor calculus. From absolute differential calculus to relativity
This volume is devoted to the history of tensor calculus. It covers the period 1884-1915, corresponding to the development of the absolute differential calculus and of Einstein's relativity theory. The author presents the evolution of those branches of mathematics and physics which have suggested or effectively used tensorial techniques. She especially examines topics from invariant theory, elasticity, absolute differential calculus, differential invariants, crystallography, vector spaces, quaternion algebra, special and general relativity theory. She discusses the tensor approaches in the work of many geometers, algebraists and physicists in \(19^{\text{th}}\) and at the beginning of \(20^{\text{th}}\) century. There are reviewed the main contributions to the development of the tensorial formalism of Gauß, Riemann, Christoffel, Lipschitz, Cauchy, Lamé, Cayley, Sylvester, Brioschi, Aronhold, Clebsch, Ricci, Saint-Venant, Voigt, Hamilton, Gibbs, F. Jung, Einstein, Sommerfeld, Minkowski, M. Abraham, Lewis, von Laue, Großmann, Levi- Civita and many others. The exposition emphasizes on the works of Gregorio Ricci (1853-1925) on absolute differential calculus and Albert Einstein (1879-1955) on relativity theory. The volume also includes an appendix on the terminology and symbolics of absolute differential calculus, a historical table of tensor calculus, a short presentation of the sections of the book, an extended bibliography and a name and subject index. In the volume there are considered many significant excerpts from primary sources. They offer new insights with the evolution of tensors. This book is an attractive, detailed, technical exposition of the development of a main subject in mathematics and physics.
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- Tensors. Mathematics of differential geometry and relativity
- Calculus of tensors and differential forms
- The Derivative with respect to a Tensor: some Theoretical Aspects and Applications
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- The role of differential parameters in Beltrami's work
- The Christoffel plaque in Monschau.
- Editor's note: ``On the three-dimensional spaces which admit a continuous group of motions by Luigi Bianchi. With biography
- Cartan, Schouten and the search for connection
- Frames and stresses in Einstein's quest for a generalized theory of relativity
- Back to the roots of vector and tensor calculus: Heaviside versus Gibbs
- The mystery of Riemann's curvature
- Outline of a dynamical inferential conception of the application of mathematics
- An Italian calculus for general relativity
- Why Einstein did not believe that general relativity geometrizes gravity
- Schouten, Levi-Civita and the notion of parallelism in Riemannian geometry
- Origin and evolve of tensor
- The Algebra of Fourth-Order Tensors with Application to Diffusion MRI
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 52393 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1206039 (Why is no real title available?)
- The \textit{Commentatio}, the problem of equivalence of quadratic forms and tensor analysis
- Talking at cross-purposes: how Einstein and the logical empiricists never agreed on what they were disagreeing about
- The forgotten tradition: how the logical empiricists missed the philosophical significance of the work of Riemann, Christoffel and Ricci
- Submanifold theory -- a contemplation of submanifolds
- Some remarks on Lévi-Civita's contribution to tensor calculus
- Toward a scientific and personal biography of Tullio Levi-Civita (1873--1941)
- Some remarks on the history of Ricci's absolute differential calculus
- Mesh and measure in early general relativity
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