Leading coefficients and extreme points of homogeneous polynomials
Let \(F\) be an \(n\)-variate homogeneous polynomial of degree \(d\) with \(|F|:=\max\{|F(x)|:x\in S^{n-1}\}\). Recently, \textit{H. Hakopian} [Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci., Math. 42, No. 2, 129-132 (1994; Zbl 0841.26008)] completed the well-known van der Corput and Schaake inequality for bivariate homogeneous polynomials, \(|G|= d^2|F|^2\) with \(G=|\text{grad }F|^2\), by showing that either the sets of the absolute maximum of \(F^2\) and \(G\) coincide or \(F\) is harmonic. In the latter case, \(G\) is constant on \(S^1\). In this note, the author extends Hakopian's result for any \(n\geq 2\). Actually, he points out that for any \(n\), the inequality \(d^2|F|^2\leq |G|\) easily follows from the Euler partial differential equation on \(F\) while the (essential) inequality \(|G|\leq d^2|F|^2\), which is a generalization of the Bernstein inequality, had already been proved by \textit{O. D. Kellogg} [Math. Z. 27, 55-64 (1927; JFM 53.0082.03)].
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