Integrable systems and symmetric products of curves

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Abstract: We show how there is associated to each non-constant polynomial F(x,y) a completely integrable system with polynomial invariants on Rd and on C2d for each dgeq1; in fact the invariants are not only in involution for one Poisson bracket, but for a large class of polynomial Poisson brackets, indexed by the family of polynomials in two variables. We show that the complex invariant manifolds are isomorphic to affine parts of d-fold symmetric products of a deformation of the algebraic curve F(x,y)=0, and derive the structure of the real invariant manifolds from it. We also exhibit Lax equations for the hyperelliptic case (i.e., when F(x,y) is of the form y2+f(x)) and we show that in this case the invariant manifolds are affine parts of distinguished (non-linear) subvarieties of the Jacobians of the curves. As an application the geometry of the H'enon-Heiles hierarchy --- a family of superimposable integrable polynomial potentials on the plane --- is revealed and Lax equations for the hierarchy are given.









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