Integrable systems and symmetric products of curves (Q1377065)

The paper is devoted to study integrable systems in the language of algebraic geometry. The author builds a large family of Poisson structures on \({\mathbb R}^{2d}\) of maximal rank corresponding to an arbitrary polynomial \(\phi (x,y)\). These brackets are polynomial, that is, all the brackets of the selected coordinates are polynomial. Given an arbitrary polynomial \(F(x,y)\), it is possible to build a complete set of polynomials \(H_{1},\dots, H_{d}\) which are in involution (Poisson commute). These systems have a natural complexification on \({\mathbb C}^{2d}\). In Section 3 it is shown that the invariant manifold of the system over \(0\), denoted by \({\mathcal A}_{F,d}^{\mathbb C}\) , is biholomorphic to an affine part of the \(d\)-fold symmetric product of the plane algebraic curve \(\Gamma _{F}\in {\mathbb C}^{2}\), defined by \(F(x,y)=0\). The author describes the topology of the invariant manifolds \({\mathcal A}_{F,d}^{\mathbb C}\) which have in general nothing to do with abelian varieties. In Section 4 he studies the geometry of the invariant manifolds of integrable systems such as the Hénon-Heiles hierarchy which are not algebraic completely integrable systems (integrable systems which have a complexification for which the invariant manifolds are open subsets of complex algebraic tori and the flow is linear on these tori).