Relative cohomology of polynomial mappings

Abstract: Let

F

be a polynomial mappping from

m a t h b b C^{n}

to

m a t h b b C^{q}

with

n > q

. We study the De Rham cohomology of its fibres and its relative cohomology groups, by introducing a special fibre

F^{- 1} (i n f t y)

"at infinity" and its cohomology. Let us fix a weighted homogeneous degree on

m a t h b b C [x_{1}, ..., x_{n}]

with strictly positive weights. The fibre at infinity is the zero set of the leading terms of the coordinate functions of

F

. We introduce the cohomology groups

H^{k} (F^{- 1} (i n f t y))

of

F

at infinity. These groups enable us to compute all the other cohomology groups of

F

. For instance, if the fibre at infinity has an isolated singularity at the origin, we prove that every weighted homogeneous basis of

H^{n - q} (F^{- 1} (i n f t y))

is a basis of all the groups

H^{n - q} (F^{- 1} (y))

and also a basis a the

(n - q)^{t h}

relative cohomology group of

F

. Moreover the dimension of

H^{n - q} (F^{- 1} (i n f t y))

is given by a global Milnor number of

F

, which only depends on the leading terms of the coordinate functions of

F

.

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