Double bubbles minimize

DOI10.2307/121042MaRDI QIDQ1573718zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Joel R. Hass, Roger Schlafly

Publication date 13 November 2000

Published in Annals of Mathematics. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0003157, https://eudml.org/doc/121300, http://www.math.princeton.edu/~annals/issues/2000/151_2.html

zbMATH Keywords

double bubble conjectureequal volumesspherical cap

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Minimal surfaces in differential geometry, surfaces with prescribed mean curvature (53A10) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B45)

Abstract: The classical isoperimetric inequality in R^3 states that the surface of smallest area enclosing a given volume is a sphere. We show that the least area surface enclosing two equal volumes is a double bubble, a surface made of two pieces of round spheres separated by a flat disk, meeting along a single circle at an angle of 120 degrees.

Review text

The authors prove the ``double bubble conjecture in \(\mathbb{R}^3\), in the particular case in which the two volumes are equal. Thus, the configuration in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) of smallest perimeter bounding two equal volumes consists of two spherical caps of equal radius meeting at \(120^\circ\) angles, and a plane through the intersection circle of the spheres. The procedure takes as its starting point from earlier results due to Almgren, to Taylor, to White, and to Hutchings; these results greatly reduce the number of cases that need to be considered. The authors study the remaining conceivable configurations individually, ruling out extraneous cases in part by direct reasoning and in part by computer calculation with controlled error estimation. The exposition is very clear and complete, and nicely organized; the paper could serve as initial reading for some of the established techniques that are incidental to the procedure. In the interim, a proof of the double bubble conjecture without the restriction to equal volumes was announced by \textit{M. Hutchings}, \textit{F. Morgan}, \textit{M. Ritoré}, and \textit{A. Ros} [Electron. Res. Announc. Am. Math. Soc. 6, 45-49 (2000; Zbl 0970.53009)], see the review below.

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Cited in

(40)

• Numerical simulations of immiscible fluid clusters
• The structure of area-minimizing double bubbles
• Proof of the double bubble conjecture
• Rigorous computer-assisted application of KAM theory: a modern approach
• Formally verified approximations of definite integrals
• The double bubble problem in spherical and hyperbolic space
• The structure of Gaussian minimal bubbles
• The Gaussian double-bubble and multi-bubble conjectures
• Delaunay surfaces expressed in terms of a Cartan moving frame
• Perimeter-minimizing triple bubbles in the plane and the 2-sphere
• Computer-assisted proofs in PDE: a survey
• On computer-assisted proving the existence of periodic and bounded orbits
• Double bubbles on the line with log-convex density \(f\) with \((\log f)'\) bounded
• Algebraic cycles from a computational point of view
• Formally verified approximations of definite integrals
• Double bubbles in Gauss space and spheres
• Domain walls and double bubbles
• Solution of the propeller conjecture in R^3
• The Hexagonal Honeycomb Conjecture
• Proof of the planar triple bubble conjecture
• Proof of the double bubble conjecture
• A Möbius-invariant power diagram and its applications to soap bubbles and planar Lombardi drawing
• Double Bubbles in the Three-Torus
• The double bubble problem on the flat two-torus
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 918334 (Why is no real title available?)
• Periodic minimizers of a ternary non-local isoperimetric problem
• Symmetric double bubbles in the Grushin plane
• Nondegeneracy of standard double bubbles
• The Optimal Double Bubble for Density r^p
• On a quaternary nonlocal isoperimetric problem
• The double-bubble problem on the square lattice
• Core Shells and Double Bubbles in a Weighted Nonlocal Isoperimetric Problem
• Decorated phases in triblock copolymers: zeroth- and first-order analysis
• Packing squares into a disk with optimal worst-case density
• Double bubbles on the real line with log-convex density
• Periodic double tilings of the plane
• The standard double soap bubble in \(\mathbb{R}^ 2\) uniquely minimizes perimeter
• Double bubbles in S^3 and H^3
• Proof of the double bubble conjecture in \(\mathbb R^n\)
• Proof of the planar double bubble conjecture using metacalibration methods

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